膜杰作
Star Staining
分子别名（Synonym）
GDF15,GDF-15,MIC-1,MIC1,NAG-1,PDF,PLAB,PTGFB,NRG-1
表达区间及表达系统（Source）
Human GDF-15, His Tag (GD5-H5149) is expressed from E. coli cells. It contains AA Ala 197 - Ile 308 (Accession # Q99988-1).
Predicted N-terminus: Met
Request for sequence
蛋白结构（Molecular Characterization）
This protein carries a polyhistidine tag at the N-terminus.
The protein has a calculated MW of 14.2 kDa. The protein migrates as 15 kDa under reducing (R) condition, and 27 kDa when calibrated against Star Ribbon Pre-stained Protein Marker under non-reducing (NR) condition (SDS-PAGE).
内毒素（Endotoxin）
Less than 0.2 EU per μg by the LAL method.
无菌（Sterility）
Negative
纯度（Purity）
>90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
制剂（Formulation）
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in 30% ACN, 0.085% TFA with trehalose as protectant.
Contact us for customized product form or formulation.
重构方法（Reconstitution）
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.
存储（Storage）
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
- -20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
- -70°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
电泳（SDS-PAGE）
Human GDF-15, His Tag on SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions. The gel was stained with Coomassie Blue. The purity of the protein is greater than 90% (With Star Ribbon Pre-stained Protein Marker).
活性（Bioactivity）-ELISA
Immobilized Human GDF-15, His Tag (Cat. No. GD5-H5149) at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human GFR alpha-like, Fc Tag (Cat. No. GFE-H5259) with a linear range of 0.4-25 ng/mL (QC tested).
Protocol
背景（Background）
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine 1 (MIC-1). Expression of MIC-1 mRNA in monocytoid cells is up-regulated by a variety of stimuli associated with activation, including interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 2, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor but not interferon γ, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It is highly expressed in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells in normal and pathological condition. GDF-15 increases during tissue injury and inflammatory states and is associated with cardiometabolic risk. Increased GDF-15 levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases in diabetes. Increased GDF-15 level is linked with the progression and prognosis of the disease condition.
