Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 (TPK1),a member of the thiamine pyrophosphokinase family, is also known as Thiamine pyrophosphokinase 1, Placental protein 20 (PP20) and hTPK1,which is detected in heart, kidney, testis, small intestine and peripheral blood leukocytes, and at very low levels in a variety of tissues.TPK1 is regarded as a Kinase and a Transferase that can bind ATP and Nucleotide. TPK1 catalyzes the phosphorylation of thiamine to thiamine pyrophosphate and can also catalyze the phosphorylation of pyrithiamine to pyrithiamine pyrophosphate. As for disease,TPK1 is relevant to thiamine metabolism dysfunction syndrome 5, episodic encephalopathy type (THMD5).